Physical therapy in the frame of complex rehabilitation after lumbar spine surgery

Abstract

Aim of the thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness and positive impact of physical therapy as part of overall rehabilitation treatment and recovery in patients after spinal surgery for discopathy of the cervical spine, during outpatient and inpatient inpatient care.

Introduction: The thesis focuses on the clarification of basic concepts, the interrelation of individual treatment methods within the complex rehabilitation treatment. The quality of health care is closely related to the health of people, and therefore we address the issue from the point of view of the qualitative level of providing rehabilitation treatment using physical methods after spinal surgery, pointing out their impact on the human body.

File: The total group of respondents consisted of 53 patients, of which 24 were women and 29 were men. We divided the database of the population into age groups of below 50 years and above 50 years. The questionnaire consisted of 16 multiple choice questions.

Methods: For the purpose of statistical research, we used the statistical method chi-square test for homogeneity in contingency tables and binary logistic regression to compare the group of outcomes. To compare the values, in case of small numbers, we used Fisher's exact test. We worked at a significance level of α = 0.05. We used the statistical software SPSS 20 for the research.

Results: Patients who underwent rehabilitation before surgery had their pain relieved. We see a positive effect of physical therapy in relation to the amount of medication taken. Pain relief was reported by 86.7% of those patients who underwent rehabilitation before surgery, while it was 60% in the group of patients who did not undergo rehabilitation. The calculated odds ratio from the logistic regression is 0.038, which is less than our chosen significance level α, thus we confirmed a statistically significant relationship between undergoing rehabilitation before surgery and experiencing pain after rehabilitation. The p value obtained from Fisher's exact test was p = 0.155, which is greater than our chosen α significance level. We also demonstrated significant changes in the amount of medication taken and the completion of rehabilitation before surgery. Patients who underwent rehabilitation before surgery reported a statistically significant (Fisher's test, p = 0.022 < 0.05) reduction in the amount of medication taken. Comparing the data on pain relief of the patients, we concluded that 93.3% of the patients who underwent spa treatment experienced pain relief or improvement in health status, mobility, and increased muscle strength in this context. In contrast, only 6.7% of patients did not experience significant improvement or pain relief. Accordingly, we observed statistical significance in the proportion of variables with a cut-off value exceeded (p = 0.006). When patients were passive in their approach to treatment, only 52.6% of patients experienced improvement. Accordingly, we observed statistical significance in the proportion of indicators with an exceeded cut-off value (p = 0.001).

Conclusions: We concluded that patients should benefit from available forms of rehabilitation therapy, both as part of conservative treatment before surgery and immediate rehabilitation care after the procedure, which contributes significantly to improving their overall health status.